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December Gradings

12/14/2015

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It's been a really excellent few weeks of karate. The brown & Black belt session followed by the DKK Junior Course then this morning it was the DKK adult grading. Apart from having numbers up as in days gone by the spirit and ability of those grading really was at the forefront of today's grading.

Gradings are never easy and again it amazed me to see each and everyone forcing themselves on, not quitting, eager to finish and achieve. Pushing unfounded doubts aside. A great, equal mix from Bristol and Portishead and Lisa from Devon with support coming from Naomi with children in tow. Well done to three new badged DKK green belts and a strong group of blues.

It's a given that DKK is never easy, in gradings or at training, mentally and physically, there's always something to learn and ideas to grasp. Some of you are just out of school and you push yourselves accordingly, young bouncy ready for anything, though many still with doubts but age is on your side. Others have entered into physical activity after having years of being inactive or raising a family and building careers or been active but not pushed to this extent or you just take so much longer to just recover! I take my imaginary hat off to you all.

Bristol university students make sure you keep things going, don't disappear when you return to Bristol in January, it's too easy to do that, take the tough road and make sure you step up ready to train again, bring someone else along, enthuse those around you.

A huge thank you to those that stood either side of me to help grade and all those that were there to spur on those grading through verbal and physical means. As you know without the support of DKK non graders these gradings would be extremely different.

Those that didn't grade this time your time will come round, maybe in March. Make sure you put our biggest event in your diary DKK Summer School 17-21st June, SS is massive!

I'm also hoping to run a throwing session next term and then the DKK tournament.
Don't have stair nightmares!!! 

See you at training. 

Oss

“Karate may be referred to as the conflict within yourself, or a life-long marathon which can be won only through self-discipline, hard training, and your own creative efforts.” – Shoshin Nagamine (founder of Matsubayashi-ryu Karate)

Sensei Dan Lewis
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Force = Mass x Acceleration

11/2/2015

5 Comments

 
This blog post is brought to you as a rant, just something I needed to get off my chest! I should point out that I’ve never heard any of our DKK instructors do what I’m going to write about, but this stuff does abound in external seminars, YouTube videos and articles on the web.

As martial artists, we often seek to get the maximum bang for our striking buck. This quest results in extensive discussions around the body mechanics of muscle alignment, balance, weight transfer and the like, but on occasion an instructor will suddenly bring in Newtonian physics. The usual way this come in is that they say something along the lines of “force equals mass times acceleration, so to generate maximum force on your target is to accelerate the mass of your fist as hard as you can.”

Actually, no.

Before I continue, time for the caveat: I haven’t touched Newtonian physics since finishing my A-levels in 1990 so I’m quite rusty. If someone more knowledgeable than I is in a position to rebut what I’m spouting and correct me I’d be very happy to fix this post or issue an update - just get in touch via the Facebook group.

Back to the plot. It is true you can calculate the force on an object if you know its mass and acceleration, but force is not a conserved or transferable property - knowing the mass and acceleration of your fist merely tells us how much force is acting on the fist, which may have little bearing on the scale of impact when the fist lands.

So, what is important? What can we transfer to our opponent that they will feel as pain, injury, disruption of balance or whatever? From a striking perspective there are two answers.

  1. Momentum
  2. Kinetic energy.

Momentum is calculated as mass times velocity and is conserved when two things interact. It can most clearly be seen in action playing pool - when one ball hits another, the combined momentum is the same after the collision. If one ball stops, the other ends up travelling at the same velocity as it was struck, if both balls are still moving after the collision, their combined velocity is still the same.

For example, if 100kg person leaps forward at 5 meters per second (about 11mph) they will have gained 500 Ns (Newton seconds) of momentum. Because momentum is conserved, and they pushed off from the Earth, the Earth’s momentum will also be altered by 500Ns in the opposite direction but as it weighs about six septillion kg the change in velocity will be negligible.

If our leaping person tackles someone else (who is also conveniently 100kg) and grabs them, taking them off their feet, the 500Ns is conserved. Now it’s distributed between the two people at 200kg, so their velocity will halve to 2.5 m/s until they hit the ground and come to a halt, which will transfer the momentum again - this time back to the Earth.

So, momentum at a basic level is useful to the martial artist because if you can transfer some of yours to your target through a strike you can push them back and make space. Of course, you have to be standing/braced correctly so that the momentum in the other direction is grounded out rather than pushing you back in the opposite direction.

Kinetic energy is perhaps more interesting. Energy is also conserved in this kind of interaction, and the transfer of energy and how it is dissipated through the target can give us a rough measure of the damage done. Kinetic energy is ½mv squared - so the variables are again based on mass and velocity albeit in different proportions. You can’t create or destroy energy, it’s always conserved, so collecting energy and delivering it to your opponent is key, and the most effective way to transfer energy in this case is to use kinetic energy.
  • Where does it come from? The contraction of your muscles is a conversion of chemical energy to kinetic - there are additional sources you can use to contribute but these are outside the scope of this post.
  • Where does it go? Well, as soon as you hit your opponent your fist (and the body weight you have behind it) start to decelerate transferring momentum and kinetic energy to your opponent. If your fist or foot is travelling slowly, the kinetic energy is transferred pretty much directly as more kinetic energy and the target moves back with the impact absorbing the strike.

If your striking limb is travelling fast enough, the opponent cannot absorb the hit by moving back, even involuntarily under the force of the blow. The inertia of their body effectively holds them in place whilst the transferred momentum accelerates them slowly, but not as fast as needed to avoid damaging energy transfer. Bodily structures start to deform, bruise and break. Kinetic energy is converted to sound, heat and potential energy in the more elastic tissues (which may over-saturate and break up themselves).

This is why we aim to strike through a target rather than at the end of our limb’s range - comments along the lines “at this point you are still accelerating and acceleration yields force” are incorrect. In fact, not only do we need distance for the strike to decelerate into the opponent and transfer energy as it does, but also at the far reach of any hit we are already slowing to protect our own joints and physical structure and therefore losing velocity.

Notice that both of the factors we’ve discussed, momentum and kinetic energy, are derived from mass and speed - force and acceleration are tangential to the discussion. What’s important is the effective mass you can put into the strike, not just your fist but the whole working mass of the body, and the overall speed you can apply regardless of how long it takes you to achieve that speed. This does bring us to acceleration having one point of relevance, because the faster you can accelerate the mass behind your strike the faster it will be travelling on impact and the more momentum and kinetic energy will be available.
​

Long story short: “Force” is irrelevant and acceleration tangential - to maximise the effectiveness of your strikes, at least at the basic Gekisai levels of fighting, look to making the most of your whole body mass and ensuring you land at maximum speed.

Matt Savigear, Shodan
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Summer School 2015 - Day 3

6/15/2015

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So DKK summer school 2015 has come to an end. If you were part of it you'll be back next year, what a fantastic experience it has been. The day started with the 3rd dans taking students through the intricacies of stances used in Goju Ryu karate and how their functions are best used. This was follower by Sensei Gavin Mulholland hurting students with the kubotan! A vicious weapon that can be used easily if you have a pen shaped utensil with you. Soooo painful! The last session of the day was eskrima and how techniques can be used with the hands and equally with the feet. 

On the final afternoon, the DKK grading took place under the beating sun. It was fantastic to see so many pass to their next belt to those that badged to green belt. It's going to be a large grading next year with 7 people attempting black belt. Well done to Mike Jenkins who achieved shodan black belt. The evening/ night/morning was rounded of with the 'Instructor's BBQ'. Well done to everyone that was there training for the weekend and grading. Winter School 2015 here we come. Are you going to be part of it??

Shihan Dan Lewis

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Summer School 2015 - Day 2 - Nidan Grading

6/14/2015

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This weekend I did something awesome. I'm so happy to have made it through my 2nd Dan grading. A big thank you to all of you who have helped and supported me. Special thanks to Sensei Dan Lewis, for being an awesomely inspirational teacher, Sempai Darren Heywood, Rob Curtis, the fabulously feisty Marjukka Viitala, Michael Parsons, Danny Williams, Chris Taylor, Goran Powell for his great advice and all you other lovely people who have encouraged and supported me. Special thanks also to Matt Savigear my fellow nidan candidate who through injury was unable to continue, its been an honour and pleasure to train alongside you, speedy recovery. Congratulations to my fellow Nidans Jake Hoban and Mike Thornton who were amazing, it was an honour to share the field with you. It's been a fantastic DKK summer school, thank you to Sensei's Gavin Mulholland and Dan Lewis for making it all possible, it's a privilege to be part of such a amazing club full if exceptional people. And yes I'm still smiling! x


Philippa Lovegrove, Nidan
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Summer School 2015 Day 1

6/13/2015

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A fantastic start to DKK Summer School 2015. The fields of Glennywood are a buzz with about 80 DKK students from all around the country and a few from abroad. The day started with 3 laps of the grounds then the 1st session started 'Kumite' with Sensei Gavin Mulholland. He worked on intricacies of movement, timing, positioning power and mindset. 

After a 1/2 hour break it was into '4 Shades of Black'. This was a joint session with myself and Sensei Gavin- training on and understanding of the 4 goju kata up to Shodan. DKK bunkai and oyo bunkai were trained and honed. Just had lunch and we'll be heading into 'redirection'.


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After lunch I taught redirection, using someone else's force against themselves before smashing them into the sodden ground! Matoyoshi tonfa ichi Kata was taught by Sempai Goran Powell after an introduction of the Okinawan weapon. Really informative on many levels. The final session was for 2nd Dans and above. For these 19 students myself and Sensei Gavin Mulholland worked on Sanchin testing. Grubs up and a few drinks in order before heading to the campfire

Shihan Dan Lewis

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Winter School 2014

11/6/2014

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Friday was sunny, a welcome change from the previous few days, and we were lucky enough to have this good weather once again for the entire weekend. The afternoon and evening saw the usual stream of arrivals from across the country and beyond (including Nick travelling over from Norway). Bags were unloaded, bunks grabbed and because of this year’s high attendance, floor mattresses and camp beds set up for the latecomers.

Winter school has always been billed as the more relaxed of our DKK weekends, and this year was no exception - except for the exceptions...
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At eight o’clock two sessions of somewhat different character started: for the main part of the group a pad work session run by Sempai Goran, and for Darren his long-awaited and oft-delayed 30-man kumite. As expected, Darren did not disappoint - the pad session managed to stay mostly-focussed on their targets during the first 20 fights but beyond that Senseis Dan and Gavin conceded to our desire to spectate and support the Nidan candidate. 10 more fights and the grade of Nidan and the coveted black gi were in his hands - congratulations to Darren for his well-deserved triumph over several setbacks in the past couple of years (as well as 30 assailants).

With the scale of the task front-and-centre in their minds after witnessing the gruelling fight to Nidan, and according to newly-instituted tradition (which I suspect is an oxymoron), it was then time for the new Nidan candidates to officially announce their intention to face the line-up in 2015. Seven of us stood up, committed to the fight, and downed the obligatory whiskey shot. I look forward to taking the field next year alongside Phlips, Nick, Jake, Richard, Bondi and Mike!

It is possible that the combination of triumph and expectation were responsible for the celebratory mood that evening, and so it was that the following morning there were many groggy faces gathering in the hall for our “gentle stroll” assignments. Several teams were dispatched on a new theme - a combination of a treasure hunt and capture-the-flag. Whilst that was going on, the Nidan candidates were separated from the group, divested of phones, watches and money, blindfolded and driven to an undisclosed location. Of their whereabouts from that point until their muddy and confused arrival back at Gilwell Park little is known, as the first rule of Nidan Hike Club is… well you know the drill.
After lunch we kicked off the afternoon sessions with a take from Sensei Lewis on the application of Sanchin to our earlier kata (primarily Gekisai and Saifa) and their applications. Interrupted only by the late arrival of a couple of the hiking groups (minus several points for being tardy there), we worked on a Gekisai bunkai combination viewed through the lens of Sanchin to deliver power and aggression. As with many of the technical Summer/Winter School classes, this was one with a big central concept which will come out time and time again for consideration, honing and application over time.

For the final teaching session of the day, Sensei Mulholland gave us an introduction to a sai kata by the name of Nicho Sai. I’ve always found the sai to be a difficult weapon to get to grips with, having an unfamiliar weight distribution and moderately complex handling requirements (at least compared to our usual stick-based weaponry), however having access to a dedicated kata has helped my feel for the weapon enormously. This is another reminder that our holistic approach to training including kihon, bunkai and kata gives us multiple paths to understanding.
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Sempai James closed the formal section of the day with his Sandan talk on the gi, covering its history and significance to both him and the organisation. During the talk and subsequent question-and-answer session James covered such diverse angles as the evolution of the gi from a simple jacket (including the addition of surprising trousers!), the effect of a uniform and uniformity on the psychology of training and the use of the gi as psychological preparation or mental armour.

The evening saw a return to the bar to Announce the results of the morning’s activities and deliver prizes of sake for the winners (“Team Diversity”) and the Wooden Spoon of Humiliation and Toilet-Cleaning Duties for the slow-moving losers (the subtly-renamed “Team Crotch”). We then took time to reflect on the day, to discuss Nidan kumite strategies, and to raise a glass to John Sowersby of the Portishead club, who we lost earlier this year to Pneumonia brought on by his fight with Leukemia. After that came the  traditional migration to the fore for banter, songs and more sake.
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Sunday started with a look at the bo courtesy of Sensei Lewis. Despite the popularity of the 6-foot staff amongst a huge range of martial arts, not just those embracing Okinawan kubodo but those worldwide from China to Northern Europe, it is rarely seen in DKK. We covered a brief rundown of the weapon and its close siblings (the yari and naginata) before discussing and working on basic handling and strikes.

After the success of the etiquette and discipline class last year, Sensei Mulholland followed up with more on this subject, both the hows and the whys. In addition to management of the dojo line-up as people join or leave the class, he also explained how to deal with late arrival, turns and the formalities around partner drills and sparring as well as answering a range of questions on the day-to-day of training in the dojo environment.

After the usual whirlwind of clearing, tidying and cleaning our weekend’s accommodation we moved back out to the field for the final session of Winter School: stick fighting. Sensei Lewis continued the “fundamentals” theme present throughout the preceding days and had us working on engagement with multiple opponents and various disarms.

With that it was time for the traditional close of thanks, handshakes and farewells until the organisation next comes together. I’d like to finish with my thanks for the organisation, assistance and imparted wisdom of our Senseis as they once again laid on an excellent and enjoyable retreat, and with a more personal note of gratitude for the advice I received - and hopefully will continue to receive - as I make my way towards the 30-man kumite in June.

Train hard!


Mat Savigear
DKK Shodan & 2015 Nidan Candidate


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2015 Nidan Candidates

11/4/2014

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At 10:10 on Friday 17th October at DKK Winter Camp 2014, a total of seven people stood up and declared their intention to train for, endure, and face the 30 Man Kumite at DKK Summer School 2015.

At 16:30 on Sunday 14th June 2015 they will face that test.

"To those gone before, to those here today, and to those yet to come"



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Bristol Grading 22nd March 2014

7/5/2014

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Well done to all those that graded yesterday, I'm sure a happy but sore group. For some it was an initiation into DKK, for others it was a long awaited deed finalised. 10 years since JD last graded, well done. Louise Thorne showed the spirit that is important to DKK; what ever is put in front of you, get through it, how ever long it takes, be determined to get there in the end. 2 new green belts, Chris and Terry. To all the others that went out and did their thing, congratulations. To the other instructors and those that have once again been there to shout, motivate and ultimately test the resolve of those grading. 
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Shihan Lewis - Brown and black belt course

1/12/2014

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It is always special when you are taught under Shihan and a privilege when you get to go to one of his high grade courses, you feel like you soaked a huge wealth of martial knowledge that will take you months or years to fully digest and to integrate with your own martial art journey.

The courses focus was seiunchin and focus is the key word. We practiced the kata several times aiming to get everyone in sync with one another. We worked on where our focus should be, thinking about application whilst doing kata, looking before we strike, playing a little with the katas tempo exaggerating key moments to focus the mind.

We made it more snapper at one instance and at another far more Sanchin and gentle and Ju like but equally as dangerous.

Shihan has an amazing way of bringing the kata to life, not just a string of techniques, principles or a series of movements, but a living breathing organism that just makes the kata so much better, you could feel electricity in the room when everyone’s seiunchin evolved, it made you think oh my god this is how kata should feel like all the time.

We then looked at a section of seiunchin that a lot of people have a weakness in the kata, where you drive the hip at an angle to deliver a powerful uppercut. We focused a lot of time on this sequence with Shihan explaining about short range shock power. It was at this moment that a light ball clicked in my head, he was describing the short range power that I learnt in China through White Crane, the only difference was that my leg starts of in the air.

The way I like to think of it is like a gunshot as if you pulled a trigger (I never have but I have a very powerful imagination.) it’s not about speed it’s about the right muscles firing the right body structure at the right time, it’s a state of mind, BANG and you explode into it. Too much thinking and you can’t achieve it.

After we worked on this then we practiced this section of the kata in randory, then we use the gun principle to hit pads, reacting before you think, focusing less on chambering but always having your hands in guard and just react.

After this we went through the main kata and for the last section of the course he wanted us to practice principles of tensho. To do this he had to teach the lower grades tensho. I will deviate slightly off topic this was like the best Christmas present, I’ve always wanted to learn tensho ever since I first saw it when I started Goju ryu, when I first really appreciated the karate kid films, when I went to china and saw Tensho like movements within the second and third forms of white crane, when you watch Wing Chun form. I’m surprised I didn’t bounce off the walls! It’s like learning Sanchin all over again, I understand the principles and can only do the basic form but my mind-body connection doesn’t understand the deeper seated principles of  tensho, that will takes many years.

Well back to the topic, after this Shihan showed us how the principles of tensho were useful in sudden confrontation and he ended up looking like a kung fu master from the movies, with hardly any effort of stepping to the side and using tensho’s relaxed movements to get his attacker into a vulnerable position. We tried it with multiplies which was very fun, it was very aikido like and surprising how effective the moves could be. Sometimes I would get stuck because this is a new form of defending and it will take years to master, but when it worked it felt freaking awesome.


By Dan Solomon
Shodan - Ho
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Tim and Caroline's Sandan Course, London

11/23/2013

1 Comment

 
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You can always tell how good a course is when months later you are still practicing its principles on your punch bag, and this course was especially awesome. The underlying feature was the three mechanisms that Tim and Caz (Bristol’s newest Sandans) use when striking an opponent.  What they refer to as the Sanchin punch. It was really interesting when they showed how they generate so much power just from body mechanics and structure, with a combination of the three principles that derive from Sanchin.

The first one is the simple spear, where you punch through the pad, but rather than just focusing on the punch, your focus is on pulling the other arm back with force which seems to drive your shoulders and hips more into the punch therefore generating power.

The second mechanism they use was the circular hip punch, rather than punching through the pad, you use your whole core to pivot providing more weight to the punch enabling you to deliver power without using tensing your muscles.

The third mechanism was the corkscrew punch , drawing yourself from the ground and using the structure from the hip to the punch. It appears deceptively less powerful than the other two seem but you can generate power at a far shorter distance than the others.

When we combined all the principles together there was a considerable difference in our power output with minimal effort. This in itself is very useful for a fighter, not having to rely on their physical power to give power to the punch it means that your punches can be faster and use less energy. It shows that when you use the principles of Sanchin that you don’t need to muscle your way in. The Sanchin punch relies on technique giving a small person the ability to generate a lot of power though their body structure.

Videoing each punch was very useful as it shows us how each principle works, and what we need to work on to make them far more effective. Mix in watching how the Nidan’s adopted it to how they fight on the pads, surprise Kumite with the London lot, ale and the ingenious use of a collapsible donkey toy it made for a very special course.


by Dan Solomon
DKK Bristol Shodan - Ho

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